{"id":14234,"date":"2026-04-01T08:29:00","date_gmt":"2026-04-01T07:29:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ndc.nato.int\/?p=14234"},"modified":"2026-04-01T09:00:22","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T08:00:22","slug":"trade-off-an-economic-analysis-of-north-korean-russian-relations","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ndc.nato.int\/fr\/trade-off-an-economic-analysis-of-north-korean-russian-relations\/","title":{"rendered":"Trade off: an economic analysis of North Korean-Russian relations"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

NDC Outlook 03-2026, Strategy Series, by Giangiuseppe Pili, Cosimo Meneguzzo and Roman Kolodii 1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"NDC
NDC Outlook 2026-03<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Summary<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Russia and North Korea have set up an extensive system for transshipments of strategic goods, such as military materiel for Russia and oil and food for North Korea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Between September 2023 and February 2024, North Korea delivered munitions and rockets worth between USD 4.3 billion and USD 4.8 billion to Russia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both countries can be expected to maintain their cooperation in the short to medium term. North Korea will provide Russia with military supplies and labour, while Russia will supply petroleum products, minerals, fertilizers and possibly nuclear and military know-how.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

NATO and its member states would be well advised to cooperate more closely with regional enforcement eff orts via the Indo-Pacifi c Four (IP4).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"Ic\u00f4ne\"<\/div>\n
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Trade off: an economic analysis of North Korean-Russian relations<\/a><\/h3>\n
<\/i> 1 fichier\u00b7s <\/i> 4 MB<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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<\/p>\n\n\n\n

NDC Public Affairs Office<\/p>\n\n\n

Giangiuseppe Pili<\/strong>
Assistant professor, Intelligence Analysis Program, James Madison University, and Senior Non-Resident Associate Fellow, NATO Defense College<\/p>\n\n

Cosimo Meneguzzo<\/strong>
Societ\u00e0 Italiana di Storia Militare<\/p>\n\n

Roman Kolodii<\/strong>
Assistant Professor, Institute of International Studies, FSV, Charles University<\/p>\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1<\/a>\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

NDC Outlook 03-2026, Strategy Series, by Giangiuseppe Pili, Cosimo Meneguzzo and Roman Kolodii 1 Summary Russia and 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