Ghost ship – Russia’s secret naval fleet

• NDC Outlook 01-2023: Ghost ship – Russia’s secret naval fleet, by Giangiuseppe Pili, Jack Crawford and Nick Loxton *

• The war on Ukraine has a maritime dimension often overlooked in terms of logistics and strategic relevance
• A critical Russian fleet has been successful in circumventing regulations on maritime transit through the Bosporus

• Open source material proves that the Russian ship SPARTA IV, declared as a commercial vessel, is in fact transporting military equipment
• This shows that the fog of war can, at times, be lifted using innovative open source intelligence methods

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