Skip to content
July 22, 2026
  • Facebook
  • X
  • LinkedIn
  • Youtube
  • Instagram
  • Flickr
NATO Defense College

NATO Defense College

Unitatem Alentes

NDC_103x103
  • Home
  • Courses
  • Publications
  • Jobs
  • NDC Foundation
  • FAQs
  • Education mail
Primary Menu
  • Home
  • Organization
    • About Us
      • Mission
      • Who’s Who?
      • Structure
      • History
      • Vox Collegii Magazine
    • News
    • Resources & Services
      • Library
      • Facilities
      • Links
      • Vision Link
      • FAQS
    • Opportunities
      • Job Opportunities
      • Procurement
    • Contact & Information
      • Contacts, maps, visits
      • Follow us
      • Disclaimer
  • Education
    • General Information
      • On-site Courses
      • e-Learning
      • Academic Calendars
      • Study Projects
    • Long Courses
      • Senior Course
      • NATO Regional Cooperation course (NRCC)
    • Short Courses
      • Generals, Flag Officers & Ambassadors’ Course (GFOAC)
      • Generals, Flag Officers and Ambassadors’ Course for Partners, GFOAC-P (former SERC)
      • Modular Short Courses (MSCS)
      • Modular Short Course Partners Integrated (MSC-PI)
    • Partnerships
      • NDC Leicester Partnership
      • NDC LUISS Partnership
      • NDC Simon Fraser Partnership
    • Administration
      • Members’ Administration Section (MAS)
  • Research
    • About Research Division
    • Researchers
    • Publications
    • Opportunities
    • NATO NextGen Futures
  • Engagement
    • Conference of Commandants
    • International Week in Kyiv
    • Anciens’ Seminar
    • Other Engagement
  • Portals
    • Academic Portal
    • NDC Anciens’ Association
    • Academic Advisory Board
    • NRCC Academic Advisory Board
    • Conference of Commandants
  • Newsletter
    • Vox Collegii Newsletter
  • en_USEnglish
    • fr_FRFrançais
  • Home
  • News
  • The pandemic and the military: towards total defence?
  • News

The pandemic and the military: towards total defence?

Published: November 24, 2020 | Updated: January 15, 2026 2 minutes read

  • NDC Policy Brief 21-20: The pandemic and the military: towards total defence?, by Antonio Missiroli and Michael Rühle *

The COVID-19 pandemic, which broke out in December 2019 in the Chinese city of Wuhan and quickly spread across the globe, will have a lasting impact on worldwide economic, political and strategic developments. Some observers question whether the different approaches by nations to the pandemic may benefit or hinder global economic competition.1 Others worry that some states may exploit the pandemic as a pretext to curtail individual freedoms.
2
Still others note the emergence of an outright “battle of narratives” on the origins of the virus and the correct approach to bringing it under control, adding fuel to an already lingering “systemic” contest.
3


* (back) Antonio Missiroli is Non-Resident Associate Fellow at the NDC and was previously NATO’s Assistant Secretary General for Emerging Security Challenges; Michael Rühle is Head of NATO’s Hybrid Challenges and Energy Security Section. The authors, who write here in a personal capacity, thank Philip H. Lott for his invaluable research.

1 (back)
K. Mahbubani, “How China could win over the post-coronavirus world and leave the US behind”, Market Watch, 18 April 2020.

2 (back)
S. Simon, “Subtle connections: pandemic and the authoritarian impulse”, Survival, Vol.62, Iss.3, June-July 2020, pp.103-111.

3 (back)
See for instance F. Gaub, L. Boswinkel, “Who’s first wins? International crisis response to COVID-19”, Policy Brief, No.11, EU Institute for Security Studies, May 2020; B. Tertrais, “Year of the rat: the strategic consequences of the Coronavirus crisis’, Note, No.17, Fondation pour la Recherche Stratégique, April 2020.


Download the publication
to keep reading.

More Research Division Publications…

NDC Public Affairs Office

Post navigation

Previous: Completion of NDC Modular Short Course in full virtual mode
Next: Senior Course 137 – MIDDLE EAST SEMINAR – 25 AND 26 NOVEMBER 2020

CLOUD TAGS

Future NATO War Asia/Pacific Hindsight Middle East/North Africa Strategy East Europe and Russia

PUBLICATIONS BY REGION

  • NATO
  • Middle East/North Africa
  • Asia/Pacific
  • East Europe and Russia

PUBLICATIONS BY TOPICS

  • The War Series
  • The Strategy Series
  • The Future Series
  • The Hindsight Series

RESEARCH

  • About Research Division
  • Researchers
  • Publications
  • Opportunities
  • NATO NexGen Futures

Recent Posts

Tactical datalinks: why they matter to the future of war Outlook 2026-08
  • News
  • Publications
  • The War Series

Tactical datalinks: why they matter to the future of war

July 21, 2026
Lieutenant General Max A.L.T. Nielsen Hands Over NDC Command to Lieutenant General Jérôme Goisque Admiral Cavo Dragone hands over the NDC flag to the incoming NDC Commandant LGEN Goisque
  • Editor's Pick
  • News

Lieutenant General Max A.L.T. Nielsen Hands Over NDC Command to Lieutenant General Jérôme Goisque

July 18, 2026
Senior Course 148’s Graduation Marks 75 Years of Developing Future Leaders Course Member of Senior Course 148 saluting his flag
  • Courses
  • News

Senior Course 148’s Graduation Marks 75 Years of Developing Future Leaders

July 17, 2026
The NDC proudly celebrates its 75th anniversary & 60 years since its relocation to Rome The arrival of the Chairman of the Military Committee Admiral Guiseppe Cavo Dragone and NDC Commandant Lieutenant General Max A.L.T. Nielsen at the NDC's 75th Anniversary celebrations.
  • Courses
  • News

The NDC proudly celebrates its 75th anniversary & 60 years since its relocation to Rome

July 16, 2026
Video: The Mind as a Battlespace: Reshaping Education, Resilience and Decision-Making Video interview: CoC 2026
  • Editor's Pick
  • News

Video: The Mind as a Battlespace: Reshaping Education, Resilience and Decision-Making

July 7, 2026
Betting on blue: how to improve NATO military forecasting for acquisitions Outlook 07 2026
  • News
  • Publications
  • The War Series

Betting on blue: how to improve NATO military forecasting for acquisitions

July 6, 2026

CONTACT US

Central Registry
NATO Defense College
Via Giorgio Pelosi 1, 00143, Rome - Italy
E-mail: [email protected]

You may have missed

Outlook 2026-08
1 minute read
  • News
  • Publications
  • The War Series

Tactical datalinks: why they matter to the future of war

July 21, 2026
Admiral Cavo Dragone hands over the NDC flag to the incoming NDC Commandant LGEN Goisque
4 minutes read
  • Editor's Pick
  • News

Lieutenant General Max A.L.T. Nielsen Hands Over NDC Command to Lieutenant General Jérôme Goisque

July 18, 2026
Course Member of Senior Course 148 saluting his flag
5 minutes read
  • Courses
  • News

Senior Course 148’s Graduation Marks 75 Years of Developing Future Leaders

July 17, 2026
CMDT-FRA-2
2 minutes read
  • Who's Who

The Commandant

July 17, 2026
Central Registry
NATO Defense College
Via Giorgio Pelosi 1, 00143, Rome - Italy
Telephone: (+39) 06 50525 309 / 275
Fax: (+39) 06 50525 799
[email protected]
Public Information/media related matters:
[email protected]
Web related matters:
[email protected]
US Postal Address
U.S. National Support Element
NATO Defense College
PSC 802 BOX 201
FPO AE 09608-0003

UK Postal Address
Name Rank Number
Dept
NATO Defense College
BFPO 65

RELEVANT LINKS

NATO HQ
SHAPE
NATO ACT
NATO School
NATO Defense College Foundation
  • Organization
  • Education
  • Research
  • Engagement
  • Portals
  • Facebook
  • X
  • LinkedIn
  • Youtube
  • Instagram
  • Flickr
NATO Defense College © 2026 All rights reserved.
NATO Defense College NATO Defense College
Welcome back
Sign In
Sign in to access your downloads, manage your account, and continue where you left off.
Login Account
Enter your credentials to access your account
Forgot Password?
We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.